A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Access Space
Passageways used to access rack locations or stacks. They are especially used for inventory counting and inspection operations.

Agent
An organization or individual operating in different regions on behalf of a head company and providing logistics services.

ADR (Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road)
An international regulation that defines the rules for transporting flammable, explosive, and environmentally hazardous materials by road. It includes requirements for vehicles, drivers, equipment, and documentation.

Aisle
Passageways used in warehouses or storage areas.

A.T.A. Carnet
A customs document that allows temporary import and export of goods between member countries without additional documentation under the Istanbul Convention. It is generally valid for one year.

Air Waybill (AWB)
A non-negotiable transport document issued between the shipper and the airline.

ATR Movement Certificate
A document issued to benefit from customs advantages for goods in free circulation exported between Türkiye and the European Union.

B

Back-to-Back Racking System
A common and economical racking system where racks are placed back-to-back, suitable for palletized goods.

BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor)
A surcharge added to freight rates due to fluctuations in fuel prices.

Barcode
A combination of lines and spaces used to identify products and read by optical scanners.

Bill of Lading (B/L)
A transport document containing information about the shipper, consignee, cargo details, and loading and delivery points.

Bonded Warehouse
Warehouses where goods subject to customs regulations are stored under customs supervision until procedures are completed.

Border Checkpoint
Official border points where import and export vehicles enter and exit a country.

Box
Packaging units of various sizes used for transporting goods.

Box Label
A label placed on cartons indicating content and destination information.

Buffer Stock
Inventory held to balance fluctuations in production and distribution processes.

C

Cabotage
The right of a country to restrict domestic transportation within its borders to its own carriers.

Capacity
The maximum production or transport volume achievable under specific conditions.

Cargo
Goods, products, or items being transported.

Certificate of Origin
An official document indicating the country where goods were produced.

CMR Convention
An official transport document used in international road transport, governed by CMR rules.

Combined Transportation
A transport system using road transport at origin and destination, with sea or rail transport over long distances.

Commodity
All goods and products subject to trade.

Concealed Damage
Damage discovered after delivery, despite intact packaging.

Consignment Export
An export method where goods are sent abroad before final sale.

Container
Durable, standardized metal transport units.

Contract Logistics
Logistics services provided through outsourced, contract-based operations.

Conveyor
A belt system used for automated cargo handling.

Cross Docking
Direct transfer of goods from inbound to outbound transportation without storage.

Consignee (Buyer)
The party that receives the goods or cargo.

Consolidation
Combining small shipments into larger shipment units to achieve economies of scale.

Customs Union
An agreement applying a common customs tariff among participating countries.

Customs Declaration (Bill of Entry)
A written declaration specifying the characteristics, dimensions, and nature of goods entering, exiting, or transiting through customs.

D

Damage
Loss of value caused during transportation, storage, or handling.

Dangerous Goods
Materials that pose risks to health, safety, or the environment.

Delivery Order
A document enabling cargo to be released from customs against the bill of lading.

Delivery Time
The date and/or time when goods are delivered to the customer.

Demand Forecasting
The process of predicting future demand for products or services.

Demurrage
A fee charged when containers or vessels exceed free time limits.

Direct Shipment
Delivery of goods directly to the customer without storage.

Distribution Center
Logistics facilities where storage, value-added services, and dispatch operations are carried out.

Distribution Network
A logistics system consisting of warehouses, routes, and sales points.

Dwell Time
The period during which cargo remains stationary within the logistics process.

E

ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)
The estimated arrival time of a shipment.

Euro Pallet (EUR Pallet)
A standardized pallet measuring 80×120 cm, widely used in international transport.

Export Declaration
An export customs declaration.

Export
The process of sending goods from one country to another.

F

Feeder Service
Cargo transfer service between large vessels and smaller vessels when direct service is not available.

FIFO (First In, First Out)
An inventory management method where the first received goods are shipped first.

Fleet Management
The management of vehicles, drivers, maintenance, and routing.

Forklift
A vehicle used for lifting and transporting loads in warehouses.

Fourth Party Logistics (4PL)
A logistics model managing the entire supply chain and coordinating 3PL providers.

Free Trade Zone
Trade zones where customs regulations are partially applied.

Freight
The fee paid for transportation services.

FTL (Full Truck Load)
A shipment that fully utilizes the capacity of a truck or trailer.

G

Gauge (Vehicle Dimensions)
The maximum length, width, and height limits that ensure safe road transport for vehicles, whether loaded or empty.

H

Handling
All warehouse operations such as loading, unloading, labeling, and stacking.

I

IATA (International Air Transport Association)
An organization that regulates tariffs and authorizations for international air passenger and cargo transport.

IMCO Charge
An additional charge requested by carriers for the transportation of dangerous goods.

IMO Document
A document used for the transport of flammable, explosive, and chemical substances.

Import
The process of bringing goods into a country from abroad.

Incoterms
ICC rules defining international trade delivery terms.

Insurance
A contract providing coverage against risks during transportation.

Intermodal Transportation
Transportation using multiple transport modes without physically handling the cargo or opening containers/trailers.

Inventory
A complete list of a company’s stock and fixed assets.

J

Just In Time (JIT)
A system where materials are supplied exactly when needed and in the required quantities.

K

Kanban
A visual and digital signaling system used in just-in-time production.

Kingpin
The pin connecting the tractor unit to the semi-trailer.

L

Laytime / Laycan
The time window during which a vessel is allowed to stay at a port for loading or unloading.

Lead Time
The period between placing a purchase order/production order and delivery or completion.

Letter of Credit (L/C)
A conditional payment method in which a bank guarantees payment to the seller upon presentation of specified documents, at the request of the buyer.

LIFO (Last In, First Out)
An inventory method where the most recently received goods are shipped first.

Logistics
A system covering transportation, storage, customs clearance, and information flow.

M

Main Route
The most efficient route between origin and destination points.

Master Air Waybill (MAWB)
The main transport document used in air freight shipments between the actual shipper and consignee.

Manifest
A document containing total cargo information carried by a vehicle or vessel.

N

No terms available under this letter

O

Optimization
The process of using resources in the most efficient way.

Open Top Container
A container type used for cargo that cannot fit into standard containers or cannot be loaded through container doors.

Order Management
The entire process from order receipt to payment collection.

Order Picking
The preparation of goods from the warehouse for shipment.

P

Payment Methods
Common payment methods used in foreign trade: Letter of Credit, acceptance credit, countertrade/barter, consignment export, open account, cash in advance, and documentary collection.

Package
Packaging that protects goods and facilitates transportation.

Packing List
A detailed list showing the quantity, weight, dimensions, and contents of the cargo.

Palletizing
The process of stacking goods onto pallets.

Partial Shipment (LTL)
Transportation of goods from multiple customers using the same vehicle on the same route.

Proforma Invoice
A preliminary invoice issued by the seller to the buyer.

R

Rack
Equipment used for organized storage in warehouses.

Ramp
A platform facilitating loading and unloading operations.

Return to Country of Origin
The return of imported goods to the exporting country due to non-compliance with specifications.

Routing
The planning of transportation routes.

S

Salvage
The value assigned to damaged goods by an insurance surveyor.

Stack
A load pile formed according to defined stacking rules.

Stock
Goods kept in storage for future needs.

Supalan
A situation where customs clearance is carried out directly on the transport vehicle.

Supply Chain
All logistics processes extending from supplier to end customer.

T

Temporary Admission
The process of importing raw materials or semi-finished goods for processing (or without processing) and re-exporting them.

Third Party Logistics (3PL)
Companies providing logistics services such as transportation and warehousing.

Trailer
A load-carrying vehicle towed by a tractor unit.

Transshipment
The process of unloading cargo from one vehicle and loading it onto another vehicle without additional processing.

Transshipment Hub
A facility where incoming cargo is unloaded and outgoing cargo is loaded according to destination, enabling short-term storage and vehicle-to-vehicle transfer.

Tugboat
A powered vessel assisting large ships with maneuvering in ports.

U

No terms available under this letter

V

Value Added Operations
Additional services such as labeling, packaging, and returns performed in warehouses.

W

Warehouse
A logistics facility where goods are stored between production and consumption.

WMS (Warehouse Management System)
Software used to digitally manage warehouse operations.

X

No terms available under this letter

Y

Yard Management
The management of vehicle traffic and operations within a facility yard.

Yield Management
Pricing and capacity strategies aimed at increasing revenue.

Z

No terms available under this letter

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is CMR?
CMR is the official transport document used in international road transportation.

What does ADR mean?
ADR refers to international regulations governing the carriage of dangerous goods by road.

What is partial shipment (LTL)?
It is the transportation of goods from multiple customers using the same vehicle on the same route.

What is a bonded warehouse used for?
Bonded warehouses store goods in compliance with regulations until customs procedures are completed.

What is freight?
Freight is the fee paid in return for transportation services.